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Variable with local scope:

Variable x inside function is: 5

Variable x outside function is:

<?php
function myTest() {
  $x = 5; // local scope
  echo "<p>Variable x inside function is: $x</p>";
} 
myTest();

// using x outside the function will generate an error
echo "<p>Variable x outside function is: $x</p>";
?>

You can have local variables with the same name in different functions, because local variables are only recognized by the function in which they are declared.