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13.2 CSS 3D Transforms
CSS also supports 3D transformations. Mouse over the elements below to see the difference between a 2D and a 3D transformation:
In this chapter you will learn about the following CSS property:
Browser Support
The numbers in the table specify the first browser version that fully supports the property.
| Property |  |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| transform | 36.0 | 10.0 | 16.0 | 9.0 | 23.0 |
CSS 3D Transforms Methods
With the CSS property you can use the following 3D transformation methods:
The rotateX() Method
The method rotates an element around its X-axis at a given degree:
Example 1: The rotateX() method
#myDiv {
transform: rotateX(150deg);
}
The rotateY() Method
The method rotates an element around its Y-axis at a given degree:
Example 2: The rotateY() method
#myDiv {
transform: rotateY(130deg);
}
The rotateZ() Method
The method rotates an element around its Z-axis at a given degree:
Example 3: The rotateZ() method
#myDiv {
transform: rotateZ(90deg);
}
CSS Transform Properties
The following table lists all the 3D transform properties:
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| transform | Applies a 2D or 3D transformation to an element |
| transform-origin | Allows you to change the position on transformed elements |
| transform-style | Specifies how nested elements are rendered in 3D space |
| perspective | Specifies the perspective on how 3D elements are viewed |
| perspective-origin | Specifies the bottom position of 3D elements |
| backface-visibility | Defines whether or not an element should be visible when not facing the screen |
CSS 3D Transform Methods
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| matrix3d (n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n) | Defines a 3D transformation, using a 4x4 matrix of 16 values |
| translate3d(x,y,z) | Defines a 3D translation |
| translateX(x) | Defines a 3D translation, using only the value for the X-axis |
| translateY(y) | Defines a 3D translation, using only the value for the Y-axis |
| translateZ(z) | Defines a 3D translation, using only the value for the Z-axis |
| scale3d(x,y,z) | Defines a 3D scale transformation |
| scaleX(x) | Defines a 3D scale transformation by giving a value for the X-axis |
| scaleY(y) | Defines a 3D scale transformation by giving a value for the Y-axis |
| scaleZ(z) | Defines a 3D scale transformation by giving a value for the Z-axis |
| rotate3d(x,y,z,angle) | Defines a 3D rotation |
| rotateX(angle) | Defines a 3D rotation along the X-axis |
| rotateY(angle) | Defines a 3D rotation along the Y-axis |
| rotateZ(angle) | Defines a 3D rotation along the Z-axis |
| perspective(n) | Defines a perspective view for a 3D transformed element |