This site is mobile accessible. Press the "Tap Here" button to use a different font-size.

Smartphone icons created by Freepik - Flaticon

3.2 PHP If...Else...Elseif

Conditional statements are used to perform different actions based on different conditions.

PHP Conditional Statements

Very often when you write code, you want to perform different actions for different conditions. You can use conditional statements in your code to do this.
In PHP we have the following conditional statements:
- if statement - executes some code if one condition is true
- if...else statement - executes some code if a condition is true and another code if that condition is false
- if...elseif...else statement - executes different codes for more than two conditions
- switch statement - selects one of many blocks of code to be executed

PHP - The if Statement

The if statement executes some code if one condition is true.

Syntax

if (condition) {
  code to be executed if condition is true;
}

Example 1: PHP Conditional Statements - The if Statement

<?php
$t = date("H");

if ($t < "20") {
  echo "Have a good day!";
}
?>

PHP - The if...else Statement

The if...else statement executes some code if a condition is true and another code if that condition is false.

Syntax

if (condition) {
  code to be executed if condition is true;
} else {
  code to be executed if condition is false;
}

Example 2: PHP Conditional Statements - The if...else Statement

Output "Have a good day!" if the current time is less than 20, and "Have a good night!" otherwise:

<?php
$t = date("H");

if ($t < "20") {
  echo "Have a good day!";
} else {
  echo "Have a good night!";
}
?>

PHP - The if...elseif...else Statement

The if...elseif...else statement executes different codes for more than two conditions.

Syntax

if (condition) {
  code to be executed if this condition is true;
} elseif (condition) {
  code to be executed if first condition is false and this condition is true;
} else {
  code to be executed if all conditions are false;
}

Example 3: PHP Conditional Statements - The if...elseif...else Statement

Output "Have a good morning!" if the current time is less than 10, and "Have a good day!" if the current time is less than 20. Otherwise it will output "Have a good night!":

<?php
$t = date("H");

if ($t < "10") {
  echo "Have a good morning!";
} elseif ($t < "20") {
  echo "Have a good day!";
} else {
  echo "Have a good night!";
}
?>

PHP - The switch Statement

The switch statement will be explained in the next chapter.

PHP Fundamentals course home
Module 3. Operators and Loops

Navigate this module

Eventually the navigation links, above, will be replaced by these << (previous) and >> (next) buttons below.

Animated PHP icons used in the buttons provided by ICONS8.COM. Smartphone icons created by Freepik - Flaticon

Module 3 quiz

Example files created in this module:
PHP Conditional Statements - The if Statement PHP Conditional Statements - The if...else Statement PHP Conditional Statements - The if...elseif...else Statement The PHP switch Statement PHP Loops - The PHP while Loop part 1 PHP Loops - The PHP while Loop part 2 PHP Loops - The PHP do...while Loop part 1 PHP Loops - The PHP do...while Loop part 2 PHP Loops - The PHP for Loop part 1 PHP Loops - The PHP for Loop part 2 PHP Loops - The PHP foreach Loop part 1 PHP Loops - The PHP foreach Loop part 2 PHP Loops - Break PHP Loops - Continue PHP Loops - Break in While Loop PHP Loops - Continue in While Loop PHP Functions - Create User Defined Function PHP Functions - Function Argument PHP Functions - Function with two Arguments PHP Functions - Default Argument Value PHP Functions - Returning values PHP Functions - Passing Arguments by Reference